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Cell Count and Differential, Synovial Fluid
Test Code4562
CPT Codes
89051
Includes
Color, Appearance, Total Nucleated Cell Count, Neutrophils %, Lymphocytes %, Monocyte/Macrophage %, Eosinophils %, Synoviocytes %
Preferred Specimen
3 mL synovial fluid collected in EDTA (lavender-top) tube, or sodium heparin (green-top) tube
Minimum Volume
1 mL
Transport Temperature
Room temperature
Specimen Stability
Room temperature: 48 hours
Refrigerated: 48 hours
Frozen: Unacceptable
Refrigerated: 48 hours
Frozen: Unacceptable
Reject Criteria (Eg, hemolysis? Lipemia? Thaw/Other?)
Clotted
Methodology
Automated analyzer and/or Manual Microscopic examination
Setup Schedule
Set up: Daily; Report available: 1-2 days
Limitations
Traumatic tap will affect results.
Reference Range
| Color | Straw/Yellow |
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Appearance |
Clear/Hazy |
|
Total Nucleated Cell Count |
<150 cells/uL |
| Neutrophils, % | 0-24 % |
| Lymphocytes, % | 0-74 % |
| Monocyte/Macrophage, % | 0-69 % |
| Eosinophils, % | 0-2 % |
| Basophils, % | 0 % |
| Synoviocytes | 0-15 % |
Clinical Significance
Immunologic, mechanical, chemical or bacteriologic damage may alter the permeability of the membrane and capillaries to produce varying degrees of inflammatory response. Various disorders produce changes in the chemical constituents of the joint fluid and in the type of cell population present.
