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Melatonin, Urine
Test Code91928
CPT Codes
83520<br /> **This test is not available for New York patient testing**
Preferred Specimen
20 mL of a 24-hour urine submitted in a urine container
Patient Preparation
Patients should be free from medication for 2 days.
Minimum Volume
2 mL
Instructions
Please indicate the total urine volume for 24 hour (required). Urine samples should be refrigerated during the collection process. If random urine is submitted, the results are reported as ng/mL and the reference range do not apply.
Transport Temperature
Frozen
Specimen Stability
Room temperature: Not stable
Refrigerated: 48 hours
Frozen: 90 days
Refrigerated: 48 hours
Frozen: 90 days
Reject Criteria (Eg, hemolysis? Lipemia? Thaw/Other?)
Received room temperature • Received refrigerated
Methodology
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) • Extraction • Hydrolysis
FDA Status
This test was developed and its analytical performance characteristics have been determined by Pan Laboratories. This assay has been validated pursuant to the CLIA regulations. It has not been cleared or approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
Setup Schedule
Set up: Wed a.m.; Report available: 3-8 days
Reference Range
50.0-150.0 ng/24 hr
Clinical Significance
The pineal gland has been called a neuroendocrine transducer because of its importance in photoperiodism. The major hormone of the pineal gland is Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxy-tryptamine). It is the major indole compound synthesized by the pineal gland. It is converted from Serotonin by Hydroxy Indole-O-Methyl Transferase. It is excreted into the urine as 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin, N-Acetyl Serotonin, other glucuronide and sulfate forms, and also a small amount as unconjugated "free" Melatonin. Melatonin has potent melanocyte contracting properties. Melatonin is primarily secreted during the dark (night) cycle. Levels drop dramatically after exposure to bright light. Melatonin binds to various proteins including Albumin. Patients with cancer frequently have decreased levels of Melatonin as do patients with impaired central nervous system function. Elevated levels can be found in sympathetic orthostatic hypotension. Melatonin has a stimulatory and suppressive feedback on Gonadotropin release depending on Melatonin levels. Altered levels of Melatonin have been reported with sleep disorders, jet lag, depression, stress, schizophrenia, hypothalamic amenorrhea, pregnancy, anorexia nervosa, immunological disorders, as well as sexual maturation during puberty.
Performing Laboratory
Pan Laboratories, LLC
15375 Barranca Pkw, E101
Irvine, CA 92618
