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Prostate Specific Antigen, Total
MessageSelect SPSA for a screening PSA when Z12.5 (Encounter for screening for malignant neoplasm of prostate)
Test Code
PSA
Alias/See Also
PSA
Total PSA
PSA Free and Bound
PSA Total
Total PSA
PSA Free and Bound
PSA Total
CPT Codes
84153
Includes
PSA Bound
PSA Free
PSA Free
Preferred Specimen
1.0 mL collected in a SST (serum seprator-gold top tube)
Minimum Volume
1.0 mL
Other Acceptable Specimens
Plasma – Li Heparin (PST)
Plasma –EDTA (Lavender)
Plasma –K2-EDTA (Lavender)
Tiger top (SST)
Gold top (SST)
Red top
Plasma –EDTA (Lavender)
Plasma –K2-EDTA (Lavender)
Tiger top (SST)
Gold top (SST)
Red top
Transport Temperature
Room temperature
Specimen Stability
Room temperature: 24 hours at 20-25ºC
Refrigerated: 5 days at 2-8°C
Frozen: 12 months at 20°C, freeze only once
Refrigerated: 5 days at 2-8°C
Frozen: 12 months at 20°C, freeze only once
Reject Criteria (Eg, hemolysis? Lipemia? Thaw/Other?)
Samples not labeled with complete first and last name and date of birth
Grossly hemolyzed specimens
Grossly hemolyzed specimens
Methodology
Electrochemiluminescence
Setup Schedule
Sun - Sat
Report Available
Same day
Reference Range
Males: < 4.00 ng/mL
Females: No established reference range
Females: No established reference range
Clinical Significance
The electrochemiluminescence immunoassay “ECLIA” is a quantitative in vitro diagnostic test for total (free + complexed) prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) in human serum and plasma, is indicated for the measurement of total PSA as an aid in the detection of prostate cancer in men. The test is further indicated for serial measurement of tPSA to aid in the management of cancer patients.
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a glycoprotein having a close structural relationship to the glandular kallikreins. The proteolytic activity of PSA in blood is inhibited by the irreversible formation of complexes with protease inhibitors such as alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, alpha-2-macroglobulin, and other acute phase proteins. Besides these complexes, about 30 % of the PSA present in blood occurs in the free form, but is proteolytically inactive. Elevated concentrations of PSA in serum are generally indicative of a pathologic condition of the prostate (prostatitis, benign hyperplasia or carcinoma). As PSA is also present in para-urethral and anal glands, as well as in breast tissue or with breast cancer, low levels of PSA can also be detected in sera from women. PSA may still be detectable even after radical prostatectomy.
The main areas in which PSA determinations are employed are the monitoring of progress and efficiency of therapy in patients with prostate carcinoma or receiving hormonal therapy. The steepness of the rate of fall in PSA down to no-longer detectable levels following radiotherapy, hormonal therapy or radical surgical removal of the prostate provides information on the success of therapy. An inflammation or trauma of the prostate (e.g. in cases of urinary retention or following rectal examination, cystoscopy, coloscopy, transurethral biopsy, laser treatment or ergometry) can lead to PSA elevations of varying duration and magnitude.
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a glycoprotein having a close structural relationship to the glandular kallikreins. The proteolytic activity of PSA in blood is inhibited by the irreversible formation of complexes with protease inhibitors such as alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, alpha-2-macroglobulin, and other acute phase proteins. Besides these complexes, about 30 % of the PSA present in blood occurs in the free form, but is proteolytically inactive. Elevated concentrations of PSA in serum are generally indicative of a pathologic condition of the prostate (prostatitis, benign hyperplasia or carcinoma). As PSA is also present in para-urethral and anal glands, as well as in breast tissue or with breast cancer, low levels of PSA can also be detected in sera from women. PSA may still be detectable even after radical prostatectomy.
The main areas in which PSA determinations are employed are the monitoring of progress and efficiency of therapy in patients with prostate carcinoma or receiving hormonal therapy. The steepness of the rate of fall in PSA down to no-longer detectable levels following radiotherapy, hormonal therapy or radical surgical removal of the prostate provides information on the success of therapy. An inflammation or trauma of the prostate (e.g. in cases of urinary retention or following rectal examination, cystoscopy, coloscopy, transurethral biopsy, laser treatment or ergometry) can lead to PSA elevations of varying duration and magnitude.
Performing Laboratory
Frederick Health Laboratory
400 W 7th Street
Frederick, MD. 21701
Last Updated: August 26, 2022
