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| A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z # |
Blood Gas, arterial
MessageOnly at GEC
Test Code
GBG
Alias/See Also
ABG; Arterial Blood Gas GEC
Includes
pH, PCO2, PO2, HCO3, base excess or base deficit
Preferred Specimen
2mL arterial blood
Instructions
Specimens are collected via routine arterial puncture.
When filling a blood gas syringe with arterial blood, avoid bubbles; exposure to air may increase PCO2.
Avoid drawing specimens from extremity with I.V.
Heel/Fingerstick: do not use the first drop of blood (may cause false increase in potassium while decreasing other tests results). Obtain and fill a 150ul balanced heparin capillary tube.
In-dwelling lines: it is recommended to withdraw three to six times the volume of the catheter, connectors, and needle to remove intravenous solutions, heparin, and or medications that may contaminate the sample.
Avoid drawing specimens from extremity with I.V.
Avoid prolonged tourniquet use and clenching and unclenching the fist.
When filling a blood gas syringe with arterial blood, avoid bubbles; exposure to air may increase PCO2.
Avoid drawing specimens from extremity with I.V.
Heel/Fingerstick: do not use the first drop of blood (may cause false increase in potassium while decreasing other tests results). Obtain and fill a 150ul balanced heparin capillary tube.
In-dwelling lines: it is recommended to withdraw three to six times the volume of the catheter, connectors, and needle to remove intravenous solutions, heparin, and or medications that may contaminate the sample.
Avoid drawing specimens from extremity with I.V.
Avoid prolonged tourniquet use and clenching and unclenching the fist.
Transport Container
Plain or heparinized syringe
Specimen Stability
Room temperature: 10 minutes, Refrigerated: not established, Frozen: unacceptable
Reject Criteria (Eg, hemolysis? Lipemia? Thaw/Other?)
Evidence of clotting
Syringe with air bubbles in sample
Syringe with air bubbles in sample
Reference Range
| Analyte | Unit | ReferenceRange | |
|---|---|---|---|
| pH Arterial | 0-30D | 7.30-7.42 | |
| 31D-17y | 7.37-7.44 | ||
| > 18y | 7.35-7.45 | ||
| PCO2 Arterial | mmHg | 0-30D | 35.0-50.0 |
| 31D-17y | 40.0-52.0 | ||
| > 18y | 41.0-51.0 | ||
| PO2 Arterial | mmHg | 0-30D | 54-62 |
| 31D-17y | 80-100 | ||
| > 18y | 80-105 | ||
| %02 Arterial | % | None defined | |
|
Base excess/ Base deficit Arterial |
mmol/L | 0-30D | -3 to -7 |
| 31D-17y | -2 to +2 | ||
| > 18y | -2 to +3 | ||
| HCO3 Arterial | mmol/L | 0-30D | 17.6-22.8 |
| 31D-17y | 22.0-26.0 | ||
| > 18y | 22.0-26.0 | ||
Clinical Significance
| Analyte | Some causes of increased values | Some causes of decreased values |
| pH | Exposing the sample to air | Prolonged tourniquet application and forearm exercise |
| PCO2 | Airway obstruction, sedatives, anesthetics, respiratory distress syndrome, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Hypoxia due to chronic heart failure, edema and neurologic disorders and mechanical hyperventilation |
| PO2 | Airway obstruction, trauma to the brain, bronchitis, emphysema, pulmonary edema, and congenital defects in the heart |
