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Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase-65 Antibody
Test Code34878
CPT Codes
86341
Preferred Specimen
1 mL serum
Minimum Volume
0.5 mL
Transport Temperature
Room temperature
Specimen Stability
Room temperature: 7 days
Refrigerated: 14 days
Frozen: 60 days
Refrigerated: 14 days
Frozen: 60 days
Methodology
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
Setup Schedule
A.M.
Limitations
GAD-65 antibodies are detected in 20% of diabetic twins who remain disease-free for long periods of time and in 8% of healthy individuals.
Clinical Significance
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD-65) antibody is useful to diagnose insulin dependent diabetes mellitus [Type I diabetes (autoimmune-mediated diabetes)] to assess risk for development of Type I diabetes, to predict onset of Type I diabetes, and risk of development of related endocrine disorders, e.g., thyroiditis. Before clinical onset, Type I diabetes is characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the islet cells, and by circulating autoantibodies against a variety of islet cell antigens, including GAD-65, IA-2 (a tyrosine phosphatase-like protein), and insulin (IAA).