Adenovirus Antibody, Serum [686X]

Test Code

0382

CPT Codes
86603

Preferred Specimen

1 mL serum

Minimum Volume

0.5 mL

Transport Container

Plastic screw-cap vial

Transport Temperature

Room temperature

Specimen Stability

Room temperature: 7 days
Refrigerated: 14 days
Frozen: 30 days

Reject Criteria (Eg, hemolysis? Lipemia? Thaw/Other?)

Gross hemolysis • Grossly lipemic • Grossly icteric

Methodology
Complement Fixation (CF)

FDA Status
This test was developed and its analytical performance characteristics have been determined by Quest Diagnostics. It has not been cleared or approved by FDA. This assay has been validated pursuant to the CLIA regulations and is used for clinical purposes.

Setup Schedule

Set up: Tues-Sat; Report available: 2-5 days

Limitations

Infections may be long lasting and antibodies may persist post-infection.

Reference Range

<1:8 titer

Interpretive Criteria

<1:8	Antibody Not Detected
≥1:8	Antibody Detected

Clinical Significance

This test helps to identify the immune response to adenovirus in immunocompetent patients. A 4-fold increase between acute and convalescent specimens is consistent with a diagnosis of current adenovirus infection. However, antibody testing is more often used to study the epidemiology of and immune responses to adenovirus [1]. More sensitive methods for detection of active adenovirus infection are available, such as adenovirus-specific viral antigen assays (test code 38945 and test code 8355) and PCR assays (test code 19726 and test code 16046).

Adenoviruses generally cause mild respiratory, gastrointestinal, and ocular infections. However, adenovirus infections can sometimes lead to more severe conditions, including pneumonia, bladder infection, and neurologic disease, especially in people with weakened immune systems. Children under 4 are the most susceptible to adenovirus infections [2,3].

Adenovirus infections occur throughout the year and spread in communities with close populations, such as nursing homes, daycare centers, hospitals, and job training centers. Adenovirus infections often mimic the flu. Common symptoms include fever, sore throat, acute bronchitis, pink eye, and acute gastritis. Although adenovirus infections in individuals with well-functioning immune systems usually resolve without antiviral treatment, people with weakened immune systems or existing respiratory or cardiac disease are at higher risk of developing severe disease [2,3].

This antibody detection test is performed with complement fixation. This test does not provide information about serotypes.

The results of this test should be interpreted in the context of pertinent clinical and family history and physical examination findings.

References
1. Echavarria M, et al. Adenoviruses. In: Jorgensen JH, et al. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 11th ed. Wiley; 2015. http://online.statref.com/Home/Resolve?id=126304&grpalias=UCIrv
2. Lynch JP, Kagin AE. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2016;37(4):586-602.
3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Adenoviruses. Last reviewed August 28, 2019. Accessed January 31, 2020. https://www.cdc.gov/adenovirus/index.html

The CPT Codes provided in this document are based on AMA guidelines and are for informational purposes only. CPT coding is the sole responsibility of the billing party. Please direct any questions regarding coding to the payor being billed. Any Profile/panel component may be ordered separately. Reflex tests are performed at an additional charge.